diff --git a/lib/pacemaker/pcmk_fence.c b/lib/pacemaker/pcmk_fence.c
index 1b7feb54b2..d17b07cda2 100644
--- a/lib/pacemaker/pcmk_fence.c
+++ b/lib/pacemaker/pcmk_fence.c
@@ -1,572 +1,571 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2009-2021 the Pacemaker project contributors
  *
  * The version control history for this file may have further details.
  *
  * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2
  * or later (GPLv2+) WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.
  */
 
 #include <crm_internal.h>
 #include <crm/common/mainloop.h>
 #include <crm/common/results.h>
 #include <crm/common/output_internal.h>
 #include <crm/stonith-ng.h>
 #include <crm/fencing/internal.h>
 
 #include <glib.h>
 #include <libxml/tree.h>
 #include <pacemaker.h>
 #include <pcmki/pcmki_output.h>
 #include <pcmki/pcmki_fence.h>
 
 static const int st_opts = st_opt_sync_call | st_opt_allow_suicide;
 
 static GMainLoop *mainloop = NULL;
 
 static struct {
     stonith_t *st;
     const char *target;
     const char *action;
     char *name;
     unsigned int timeout;
     unsigned int tolerance;
     int delay;
     pcmk__action_result_t result;
 } async_fence_data = { NULL, };
 
 static int
 handle_level(stonith_t *st, char *target, int fence_level,
              stonith_key_value_t *devices, bool added) {
     char *node = NULL;
     char *pattern = NULL;
     char *name = NULL;
     char *value = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     if (target == NULL) {
         // Not really possible, but makes static analysis happy
         return EINVAL;
     }
 
     /* Determine if targeting by attribute, node name pattern or node name */
     value = strchr(target, '=');
     if (value != NULL)  {
         name = target;
         *value++ = '\0';
     } else if (*target == '@') {
         pattern = target + 1;
     } else {
         node = target;
     }
 
     /* Register or unregister level as appropriate */
     if (added) {
         rc = st->cmds->register_level_full(st, st_opts, node, pattern,
                                            name, value, fence_level,
                                            devices);
     } else {
         rc = st->cmds->remove_level_full(st, st_opts, node, pattern,
                                          name, value, fence_level);
     }
 
     return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
 }
 
 static void
 notify_callback(stonith_t * st, stonith_event_t * e)
 {
     if (pcmk__str_eq(async_fence_data.target, e->target, pcmk__str_casei)
         && pcmk__str_eq(async_fence_data.action, e->action, pcmk__str_casei)) {
 
         pcmk__set_result(&async_fence_data.result,
                          stonith__event_exit_status(e),
                          stonith__event_execution_status(e),
                          stonith__event_exit_reason(e));
         g_main_loop_quit(mainloop);
     }
 }
 
 static void
 fence_callback(stonith_t * stonith, stonith_callback_data_t * data)
 {
     pcmk__set_result(&async_fence_data.result, stonith__exit_status(data),
                      stonith__execution_status(data),
                      stonith__exit_reason(data));
     g_main_loop_quit(mainloop);
 }
 
 static gboolean
 async_fence_helper(gpointer user_data)
 {
     stonith_t *st = async_fence_data.st;
     int call_id = 0;
     int rc = stonith_api_connect_retry(st, async_fence_data.name, 10);
 
     if (rc != pcmk_ok) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "Could not connect to fencer: %s\n", pcmk_strerror(rc));
         g_main_loop_quit(mainloop);
         pcmk__set_result(&async_fence_data.result, CRM_EX_ERROR,
-                         PCMK_EXEC_NOT_CONNECTED, NULL);
+                         PCMK_EXEC_NOT_CONNECTED, pcmk_strerror(rc));
         return TRUE;
     }
 
     st->cmds->register_notification(st, T_STONITH_NOTIFY_FENCE, notify_callback);
 
     call_id = st->cmds->fence_with_delay(st,
                                          st_opt_allow_suicide,
                                          async_fence_data.target,
                                          async_fence_data.action,
                                          async_fence_data.timeout/1000,
                                          async_fence_data.tolerance/1000,
                                          async_fence_data.delay);
 
     if (call_id < 0) {
         g_main_loop_quit(mainloop);
         pcmk__set_result(&async_fence_data.result, CRM_EX_ERROR,
                          PCMK_EXEC_ERROR, pcmk_strerror(call_id));
         return TRUE;
     }
 
     st->cmds->register_callback(st,
                                 call_id,
                                 async_fence_data.timeout/1000,
                                 st_opt_timeout_updates, NULL, "callback", fence_callback);
 
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 int
 pcmk__request_fencing(stonith_t *st, const char *target, const char *action,
                       const char *name, unsigned int timeout,
                       unsigned int tolerance, int delay, char **reason)
 {
     crm_trigger_t *trig;
 
     async_fence_data.st = st;
     async_fence_data.name = strdup(name);
     async_fence_data.target = target;
     async_fence_data.action = action;
     async_fence_data.timeout = timeout;
     async_fence_data.tolerance = tolerance;
     async_fence_data.delay = delay;
     pcmk__set_result(&async_fence_data.result, CRM_EX_ERROR, PCMK_EXEC_UNKNOWN,
                      NULL);
 
     trig = mainloop_add_trigger(G_PRIORITY_HIGH, async_fence_helper, NULL);
     mainloop_set_trigger(trig);
 
     mainloop = g_main_loop_new(NULL, FALSE);
     g_main_loop_run(mainloop);
 
     free(async_fence_data.name);
 
     if ((reason != NULL) && (async_fence_data.result.exit_reason != NULL)) {
         *reason = strdup(async_fence_data.result.exit_reason);
     }
     return stonith__result2rc(&async_fence_data.result);
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_request_fencing(stonith_t *st, const char *target, const char *action,
                      const char *name, unsigned int timeout,
                      unsigned int tolerance, int delay, char **reason)
 {
     return pcmk__request_fencing(st, target, action, name, timeout, tolerance,
                                  delay, reason);
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_history(pcmk__output_t *out, stonith_t *st, char *target,
                     unsigned int timeout, int verbose, bool broadcast,
                     bool cleanup) {
     stonith_history_t *history = NULL, *hp, *latest = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
     int opts = 0;
 
     if (cleanup) {
         out->info(out, "cleaning up fencing-history%s%s",
                   target ? " for node " : "", target ? target : "");
     }
     if (broadcast) {
         out->info(out, "gather fencing-history from all nodes");
     }
 
     stonith__set_call_options(opts, target, st_opts);
     if (cleanup) {
         stonith__set_call_options(opts, target, st_opt_cleanup);
     }
     if (broadcast) {
         stonith__set_call_options(opts, target, st_opt_broadcast);
     }
     rc = st->cmds->history(st, opts,
                            pcmk__str_eq(target, "*", pcmk__str_none)? NULL : target,
                            &history, timeout/1000);
 
     if (cleanup) {
         // Cleanup doesn't return a history list
         stonith_history_free(history);
         return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
     }
 
     out->begin_list(out, "event", "events", "Fencing history");
 
     history = stonith__sort_history(history);
     for (hp = history; hp; hp = hp->next) {
         if (hp->state == st_done) {
             latest = hp;
         }
 
         if (out->is_quiet(out) || !verbose) {
             continue;
         }
 
         out->message(out, "stonith-event", hp, 1, stonith__later_succeeded(hp, history));
         out->increment_list(out);
     }
 
     if (latest) {
         if (out->is_quiet(out)) {
             pcmk__formatted_printf(out, "%lld\n", (long long) latest->completed);
         } else if (!verbose) { // already printed if verbose
             out->message(out, "stonith-event", latest, 0, FALSE);
             out->increment_list(out);
         }
     }
 
     out->end_list(out);
 
     stonith_history_free(history);
     return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_history(xmlNodePtr *xml, stonith_t *st, char *target, unsigned int timeout,
                    bool quiet, int verbose, bool broadcast, bool cleanup) {
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = pcmk__out_prologue(&out, xml);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return rc;
     }
 
     stonith__register_messages(out);
 
     out->quiet = quiet;
 
     rc = pcmk__fence_history(out, st, target, timeout, verbose, broadcast, cleanup);
     pcmk__out_epilogue(out, xml, rc);
     return rc;
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_installed(pcmk__output_t *out, stonith_t *st, unsigned int timeout) {
     stonith_key_value_t *devices = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = st->cmds->list_agents(st, st_opt_sync_call, NULL, &devices, timeout/1000);
     /* list_agents returns a negative error code or a positive number of agents. */
     if (rc < 0) {
         return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
     }
 
     out->begin_list(out, "fence device", "fence devices", "Installed fence devices");
     for (stonith_key_value_t *dIter = devices; dIter; dIter = dIter->next) {
         out->list_item(out, "device", "%s", dIter->value);
     }
     out->end_list(out);
 
     stonith_key_value_freeall(devices, 1, 1);
     return pcmk_rc_ok;
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_installed(xmlNodePtr *xml, stonith_t *st, unsigned int timeout) {
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = pcmk__out_prologue(&out, xml);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return rc;
     }
 
     stonith__register_messages(out);
 
     rc = pcmk__fence_installed(out, st, timeout);
     pcmk__out_epilogue(out, xml, rc);
     return rc;
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_last(pcmk__output_t *out, const char *target, bool as_nodeid) {
     time_t when = 0;
 
     if (target == NULL) {
         return pcmk_rc_ok;
     }
 
     if (as_nodeid) {
         when = stonith_api_time(atol(target), NULL, FALSE);
     } else {
         when = stonith_api_time(0, target, FALSE);
     }
 
     return out->message(out, "last-fenced", target, when);
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_last(xmlNodePtr *xml, const char *target, bool as_nodeid) {
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = pcmk__out_prologue(&out, xml);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return rc;
     }
 
     stonith__register_messages(out);
 
     rc = pcmk__fence_last(out, target, as_nodeid);
     pcmk__out_epilogue(out, xml, rc);
     return rc;
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_list_targets(pcmk__output_t *out, stonith_t *st,
                          const char *device_id, unsigned int timeout) {
     GList *targets = NULL;
     char *lists = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = st->cmds->list(st, st_opts, device_id, &lists, timeout/1000);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
     }
 
     targets = stonith__parse_targets(lists);
 
     out->begin_list(out, "fence target", "fence targets", "Fence Targets");
     while (targets != NULL) {
         out->list_item(out, NULL, "%s", (const char *) targets->data);
         targets = targets->next;
     }
     out->end_list(out);
 
     free(lists);
     return rc;
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_list_targets(xmlNodePtr *xml, stonith_t *st, const char *device_id,
                         unsigned int timeout) {
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = pcmk__out_prologue(&out, xml);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return rc;
     }
 
     stonith__register_messages(out);
 
     rc = pcmk__fence_list_targets(out, st, device_id, timeout);
     pcmk__out_epilogue(out, xml, rc);
     return rc;
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_metadata(pcmk__output_t *out, stonith_t *st, char *agent,
                      unsigned int timeout) {
     char *buffer = NULL;
     int rc = st->cmds->metadata(st, st_opt_sync_call, agent, NULL, &buffer,
                                 timeout/1000);
 
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
     }
 
     out->output_xml(out, "metadata", buffer);
     free(buffer);
     return rc;
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_metadata(xmlNodePtr *xml, stonith_t *st, char *agent,
                     unsigned int timeout) {
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = pcmk__out_prologue(&out, xml);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return rc;
     }
 
     stonith__register_messages(out);
 
     rc = pcmk__fence_metadata(out, st, agent, timeout);
     pcmk__out_epilogue(out, xml, rc);
     return rc;
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_registered(pcmk__output_t *out, stonith_t *st, char *target,
                        unsigned int timeout) {
     stonith_key_value_t *devices = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = st->cmds->query(st, st_opts, target, &devices, timeout/1000);
     /* query returns a negative error code or a positive number of results. */
     if (rc < 0) {
         return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
     }
 
     out->begin_list(out, "fence device", "fence devices", "Registered fence devices");
     for (stonith_key_value_t *dIter = devices; dIter; dIter = dIter->next) {
         out->list_item(out, "device", "%s", dIter->value);
     }
     out->end_list(out);
 
     stonith_key_value_freeall(devices, 1, 1);
 
     /* Return pcmk_rc_ok here, not the number of results.  Callers probably
      * don't care.
      */
     return pcmk_rc_ok;
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_registered(xmlNodePtr *xml, stonith_t *st, char *target,
                       unsigned int timeout) {
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = pcmk__out_prologue(&out, xml);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return rc;
     }
 
     stonith__register_messages(out);
 
     rc = pcmk__fence_registered(out, st, target, timeout);
     pcmk__out_epilogue(out, xml, rc);
     return rc;
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_register_level(stonith_t *st, char *target, int fence_level,
                            stonith_key_value_t *devices) {
     return handle_level(st, target, fence_level, devices, true);
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_register_level(stonith_t *st, char *target, int fence_level,
                             stonith_key_value_t *devices) {
     return pcmk__fence_register_level(st, target, fence_level, devices);
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_unregister_level(stonith_t *st, char *target, int fence_level) {
     return handle_level(st, target, fence_level, NULL, false);
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_unregister_level(stonith_t *st, char *target, int fence_level) {
     return pcmk__fence_unregister_level(st, target, fence_level);
 }
 #endif
 
 int
 pcmk__fence_validate(pcmk__output_t *out, stonith_t *st, const char *agent,
                      const char *id, stonith_key_value_t *params,
                      unsigned int timeout) {
     char *output = NULL;
     char *error_output = NULL;
     int rc;
 
     rc  = st->cmds->validate(st, st_opt_sync_call, id, NULL, agent, params,
                              timeout/1000, &output, &error_output);
     out->message(out, "validate", agent, id, output, error_output, rc);
     return pcmk_legacy2rc(rc);
 }
 
 #ifdef BUILD_PUBLIC_LIBPACEMAKER
 int
 pcmk_fence_validate(xmlNodePtr *xml, stonith_t *st, const char *agent,
                     const char *id, stonith_key_value_t *params,
                     unsigned int timeout) {
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
 
     rc = pcmk__out_prologue(&out, xml);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         return rc;
     }
 
     stonith__register_messages(out);
 
     rc = pcmk__fence_validate(out, st, agent, id, params, timeout);
     pcmk__out_epilogue(out, xml, rc);
     return rc;
 }
 #endif
 
 stonith_history_t *
 pcmk__reduce_fence_history(stonith_history_t *history)
 {
     stonith_history_t *new, *hp, *np;
 
     if (!history) {
         return history;
     }
 
     new = history;
     hp = new->next;
     new->next = NULL;
 
     while (hp) {
         stonith_history_t *hp_next = hp->next;
 
         hp->next = NULL;
 
         for (np = new; ; np = np->next) {
             if ((hp->state == st_done) || (hp->state == st_failed)) {
                 /* action not in progress */
                 if (pcmk__str_eq(hp->target, np->target, pcmk__str_casei) &&
                     pcmk__str_eq(hp->action, np->action, pcmk__str_casei) &&
                     (hp->state == np->state) &&
                     ((hp->state == st_done) ||
                      pcmk__str_eq(hp->delegate, np->delegate, pcmk__str_casei))) {
                         /* purge older hp */
                         stonith_history_free(hp);
                         break;
                 }
             }
 
             if (!np->next) {
                 np->next = hp;
                 break;
             }
         }
         hp = hp_next;
     }
 
     return new;
 }