diff --git a/daemons/pacemakerd/pacemakerd.c b/daemons/pacemakerd/pacemakerd.c
index c20bde74bd..d52888f9ab 100644
--- a/daemons/pacemakerd/pacemakerd.c
+++ b/daemons/pacemakerd/pacemakerd.c
@@ -1,440 +1,440 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2010-2021 the Pacemaker project contributors
  *
  * The version control history for this file may have further details.
  *
  * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2
  * or later (GPLv2+) WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.
  */
 
 #include <crm_internal.h>
 #include "pacemakerd.h"
 
 #include <pwd.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 
 #include <crm/crm.h>  /* indirectly: CRM_EX_* */
 #include <crm/msg_xml.h>
 #include <crm/common/mainloop.h>
 #include <crm/common/cmdline_internal.h>
 #include <crm/common/ipc_pacemakerd.h>
 #include <crm/common/output_internal.h>
 #include <crm/cluster/internal.h>
 #include <crm/cluster.h>
 
 #define SUMMARY "pacemakerd - primary Pacemaker daemon that launches and monitors all subsidiary Pacemaker daemons"
 
 struct {
     gboolean features;
     gboolean foreground;
     gboolean shutdown;
     gboolean standby;
 } options;
 
 static pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
 
 static pcmk__supported_format_t formats[] = {
     PCMK__SUPPORTED_FORMAT_NONE,
     PCMK__SUPPORTED_FORMAT_TEXT,
     PCMK__SUPPORTED_FORMAT_XML,
     { NULL, NULL, NULL }
 };
 
 static int
 pacemakerd_features(pcmk__output_t *out, va_list args) {
     out->info(out, "Pacemaker %s (Build: %s)\n Supporting v%s: %s", PACEMAKER_VERSION,
               BUILD_VERSION, CRM_FEATURE_SET, CRM_FEATURES);
     return pcmk_rc_ok;
 }
 
 static int
 pacemakerd_features_xml(pcmk__output_t *out, va_list args) {
     gchar **feature_list = g_strsplit(CRM_FEATURES, " ", 0);
 
     pcmk__output_xml_create_parent(out, "pacemakerd",
                                    "version", PACEMAKER_VERSION,
                                    "build", BUILD_VERSION,
                                    "feature_set", CRM_FEATURE_SET,
                                    NULL);
     out->begin_list(out, NULL, NULL, "features");
 
     for (char **s = feature_list; *s != NULL; s++) {
         pcmk__output_create_xml_text_node(out, "feature", *s);
     }
 
     out->end_list(out);
 
     g_strfreev(feature_list);
     return pcmk_rc_ok;
 }
 
 static pcmk__message_entry_t fmt_functions[] = {
     { "features", "default", pacemakerd_features },
     { "features", "xml", pacemakerd_features_xml },
 
     { NULL, NULL, NULL }
 };
 
 static gboolean
 pid_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **err) {
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 standby_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **err) {
     options.standby = TRUE;
     pcmk__set_env_option("node_start_state", "standby");
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static GOptionEntry entries[] = {
     { "features", 'F', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_NONE, &options.features,
       "Display full version and list of features Pacemaker was built with",
       NULL },
     { "foreground", 'f', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_NONE, &options.foreground,
       "(Ignored) Pacemaker always runs in the foreground",
       NULL },
     { "pid-file", 'p', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, pid_cb,
       "(Ignored) Daemon pid file location",
       "FILE" },
     { "shutdown", 'S', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_NONE, &options.shutdown,
       "Instruct Pacemaker to shutdown on this machine",
       NULL },
     { "standby", 's', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, standby_cb,
       "Start node in standby state",
       NULL },
 
     { NULL }
 };
 
 static void
 pcmk_ignore(int nsig)
 {
     crm_info("Ignoring signal %s (%d)", strsignal(nsig), nsig);
 }
 
 static void
 pcmk_sigquit(int nsig)
 {
     pcmk__panic(__func__);
 }
 
 static void
 mcp_chown(const char *path, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)
 {
     int rc = chown(path, uid, gid);
 
     if (rc < 0) {
         crm_warn("Cannot change the ownership of %s to user %s and gid %d: %s",
                  path, CRM_DAEMON_USER, gid, pcmk_strerror(errno));
     }
 }
 
 static void
 create_pcmk_dirs(void)
 {
     uid_t pcmk_uid = 0;
     gid_t pcmk_gid = 0;
 
     const char *dirs[] = {
         CRM_PACEMAKER_DIR, // core/blackbox/scheduler/CIB files
         CRM_CORE_DIR,      // core files
         CRM_BLACKBOX_DIR,  // blackbox dumps
         PE_STATE_DIR,      // scheduler inputs
         CRM_CONFIG_DIR,    // the Cluster Information Base (CIB)
         // Don't build CRM_RSCTMP_DIR, pacemaker-execd will do it
         NULL
     };
 
     if (pcmk_daemon_user(&pcmk_uid, &pcmk_gid) < 0) {
         crm_err("Cluster user %s does not exist, aborting Pacemaker startup",
                 CRM_DAEMON_USER);
         crm_exit(CRM_EX_NOUSER);
     }
 
     // Used by some resource agents
     if ((mkdir(CRM_STATE_DIR, 0750) < 0) && (errno != EEXIST)) {
         crm_warn("Could not create directory " CRM_STATE_DIR ": %s",
                  pcmk_rc_str(errno));
     } else {
         mcp_chown(CRM_STATE_DIR, pcmk_uid, pcmk_gid);
     }
 
     for (int i = 0; dirs[i] != NULL; ++i) {
         int rc = pcmk__build_path(dirs[i], 0750);
 
         if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
             crm_warn("Could not create directory %s: %s",
                      dirs[i], pcmk_rc_str(rc));
         } else {
             mcp_chown(dirs[i], pcmk_uid, pcmk_gid);
         }
     }
 }
 
 static void
 remove_core_file_limit(void)
 {
     struct rlimit cores;
     int rc = getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &cores);
 
     if (rc < 0) {
         crm_warn("Cannot determine current maximum core file size: %s",
                  strerror(errno));
         return;
     }
 
     if ((cores.rlim_max == 0) && (geteuid() == 0)) {
         cores.rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
     } else {
         crm_info("Maximum core file size is %llu bytes",
                  (unsigned long long) cores.rlim_max);
     }
     cores.rlim_cur = cores.rlim_max;
 
     rc = setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &cores);
     if (rc < 0) {
         crm_warn("Cannot raise system limit on core file size "
                  "(consider doing so manually)");
     }
 }
 
 static void
 pacemakerd_event_cb(pcmk_ipc_api_t *pacemakerd_api,
                     enum pcmk_ipc_event event_type, crm_exit_t status,
                     void *event_data, void *user_data)
 {
     pcmk_pacemakerd_api_reply_t *reply = event_data;
 
     switch (event_type) {
         case pcmk_ipc_event_reply:
             break;
 
         default:
             return;
     }
 
     if (status != CRM_EX_OK) {
         out->err(out, "Bad reply from pacemakerd: %s", crm_exit_str(status));
         return;
     }
 
     if (reply->reply_type != pcmk_pacemakerd_reply_shutdown) {
         out->err(out, "Unknown reply type %d from pacemakerd",
                  reply->reply_type);
     }
 }
 
 static GOptionContext *
 build_arg_context(pcmk__common_args_t *args, GOptionGroup **group) {
     GOptionContext *context = NULL;
 
     context = pcmk__build_arg_context(args, "text (default), xml", group, NULL);
     pcmk__add_main_args(context, entries);
     return context;
 }
 
 int
 main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
     crm_exit_t exit_code = CRM_EX_OK;
 
     GError *error = NULL;
 
     GOptionGroup *output_group = NULL;
     pcmk__common_args_t *args = pcmk__new_common_args(SUMMARY);
     gchar **processed_args = pcmk__cmdline_preproc(argv, "p");
     GOptionContext *context = build_arg_context(args, &output_group);
 
     bool old_instance_connected = false;
 
     pcmk_ipc_api_t *old_instance = NULL;
     qb_ipcs_service_t *ipcs = NULL;
 
     crm_log_preinit(NULL, argc, argv);
     mainloop_add_signal(SIGHUP, pcmk_ignore);
     mainloop_add_signal(SIGQUIT, pcmk_sigquit);
 
     pcmk__register_formats(output_group, formats);
     if (!g_option_context_parse_strv(context, &processed_args, &error)) {
         exit_code = CRM_EX_USAGE;
         goto done;
     }
 
     rc = pcmk__output_new(&out, args->output_ty, args->output_dest, argv);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         exit_code = CRM_EX_ERROR;
         g_set_error(&error, PCMK__EXITC_ERROR, exit_code, "Error creating output format %s: %s",
                     args->output_ty, pcmk_rc_str(rc));
         goto done;
     }
 
     pcmk__force_args(context, &error, "%s --xml-simple-list", g_get_prgname());
 
     pcmk__register_messages(out, fmt_functions);
 
     if (options.features) {
         out->message(out, "features");
         exit_code = CRM_EX_OK;
         goto done;
     }
 
     if (args->version) {
         out->version(out, false);
         goto done;
     }
 
     setenv("LC_ALL", "C", 1);
 
     pcmk__set_env_option("mcp", "true");
 
     if (options.shutdown) {
         pcmk__cli_init_logging("pacemakerd", args->verbosity);
     } else {
         crm_log_init(NULL, LOG_INFO, TRUE, FALSE, argc, argv, FALSE);
     }
 
     crm_debug("Checking for existing Pacemaker instance");
 
     rc = pcmk_new_ipc_api(&old_instance, pcmk_ipc_pacemakerd);
     if (old_instance == NULL) {
         out->err(out, "Could not check for existing pacemakerd: %s", pcmk_rc_str(rc));
         exit_code = pcmk_rc2exitc(rc);
         goto done;
     }
 
     pcmk_register_ipc_callback(old_instance, pacemakerd_event_cb, NULL);
     rc = pcmk_connect_ipc(old_instance, pcmk_ipc_dispatch_sync);
     old_instance_connected = pcmk_ipc_is_connected(old_instance);
 
     if (options.shutdown) {
         if (old_instance_connected) {
             rc = pcmk_pacemakerd_api_shutdown(old_instance, crm_system_name);
             pcmk_dispatch_ipc(old_instance);
             pcmk_free_ipc_api(old_instance);
             exit_code = pcmk_rc2exitc(rc);
             goto done;
         } else {
-            crm_err("Could not request shutdown of existing "
-                    "Pacemaker instance: %s", strerror(errno));
+            out->err(out, "Could not request shutdown "
+                     "of existing Pacemaker instance: %s", pcmk_rc_str(rc));
             pcmk_free_ipc_api(old_instance);
             exit_code = CRM_EX_DISCONNECT;
             goto done;
         }
 
     } else if (old_instance_connected) {
         pcmk_free_ipc_api(old_instance);
         crm_err("Aborting start-up because active Pacemaker instance found");
         exit_code = CRM_EX_FATAL;
         goto done;
     }
 
     pcmk_free_ipc_api(old_instance);
 
     /* Don't allow any accidental output after this point. */
     if (out != NULL) {
         out->finish(out, exit_code, true, NULL);
         pcmk__output_free(out);
         out = NULL;
     }
 
 #ifdef SUPPORT_COROSYNC
     if (mcp_read_config() == FALSE) {
         crm_exit(CRM_EX_UNAVAILABLE);
     }
 #endif
 
     // OCF shell functions and cluster-glue need facility under different name
     {
         const char *facility = pcmk__env_option("logfacility");
 
         if (facility && !pcmk__str_eq(facility, "none", pcmk__str_casei)) {
             setenv("HA_LOGFACILITY", facility, 1);
         }
     }
 
     crm_notice("Starting Pacemaker %s "CRM_XS" build=%s features:%s",
                PACEMAKER_VERSION, BUILD_VERSION, CRM_FEATURES);
     mainloop = g_main_loop_new(NULL, FALSE);
 
     remove_core_file_limit();
     create_pcmk_dirs();
     pcmk__serve_pacemakerd_ipc(&ipcs, &mcp_ipc_callbacks);
 
 #ifdef SUPPORT_COROSYNC
     /* Allows us to block shutdown */
     if (!cluster_connect_cfg()) {
         exit_code = CRM_EX_PROTOCOL;
         goto done;
     }
 #endif
 
     if (pcmk__locate_sbd() > 0) {
         setenv("PCMK_watchdog", "true", 1);
         running_with_sbd = TRUE;
     } else {
         setenv("PCMK_watchdog", "false", 1);
     }
 
     switch (find_and_track_existing_processes()) {
         case pcmk_rc_ok:
             break;
         case pcmk_rc_ipc_unauthorized:
             exit_code = CRM_EX_CANTCREAT;
             goto done;
         default:
             exit_code = CRM_EX_FATAL;
             goto done;
     };
 
     mainloop_add_signal(SIGTERM, pcmk_shutdown);
     mainloop_add_signal(SIGINT, pcmk_shutdown);
 
     if ((running_with_sbd) && pcmk__get_sbd_sync_resource_startup()) {
         crm_notice("Waiting for startup-trigger from SBD.");
         pacemakerd_state = XML_PING_ATTR_PACEMAKERDSTATE_WAITPING;
         startup_trigger = mainloop_add_trigger(G_PRIORITY_HIGH, init_children_processes, NULL);
     } else {
         if (running_with_sbd) {
             crm_warn("Enabling SBD_SYNC_RESOURCE_STARTUP would (if supported "
                      "by your SBD version) improve reliability of "
                      "interworking between SBD & pacemaker.");
         }
         pacemakerd_state = XML_PING_ATTR_PACEMAKERDSTATE_STARTINGDAEMONS;
         init_children_processes(NULL);
     }
 
     crm_notice("Pacemaker daemon successfully started and accepting connections");
     g_main_loop_run(mainloop);
 
     if (ipcs) {
         crm_trace("Closing IPC server");
         mainloop_del_ipc_server(ipcs);
         ipcs = NULL;
     }
 
     g_main_loop_unref(mainloop);
 #ifdef SUPPORT_COROSYNC
     cluster_disconnect_cfg();
 #endif
 
 done:
     g_strfreev(processed_args);
     pcmk__free_arg_context(context);
 
     pcmk__output_and_clear_error(error, out);
 
     if (out != NULL) {
         out->finish(out, exit_code, true, NULL);
         pcmk__output_free(out);
     }
     crm_exit(exit_code);
 }