diff --git a/tools/crm_simulate.c b/tools/crm_simulate.c
index df5359cb4f..03969e709c 100644
--- a/tools/crm_simulate.c
+++ b/tools/crm_simulate.c
@@ -1,585 +1,636 @@
 /*
  * Copyright 2009-2024 the Pacemaker project contributors
  *
  * The version control history for this file may have further details.
  *
  * This source code is licensed under the GNU General Public License version 2
  * or later (GPLv2+) WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.
  */
 
 #include <crm_internal.h>
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <time.h>
 
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 
 #include <crm/crm.h>
 #include <crm/cib.h>
 #include <crm/cib/internal.h>
 #include <crm/common/cmdline_internal.h>
 #include <crm/common/output_internal.h>
 #include <crm/common/output.h>
 #include <crm/common/util.h>
 #include <crm/common/iso8601.h>
 #include <crm/pengine/status.h>
 #include <crm/pengine/internal.h>
 #include <pacemaker-internal.h>
 #include <pacemaker.h>
 
 #define SUMMARY "crm_simulate - simulate a Pacemaker cluster's response to events"
 
 struct {
     char *dot_file;
     char *graph_file;
     gchar *input_file;
     pcmk_injections_t *injections;
     unsigned int flags;
     gchar *output_file;
     long long repeat;
     gboolean store;
     gchar *test_dir;
     char *use_date;
     char *xml_file;
 } options = {
     .flags = pcmk_sim_show_pending | pcmk_sim_sanitized,
     .repeat = 1
 };
 
 uint32_t section_opts = 0;
 char *temp_shadow = NULL;
 crm_exit_t exit_code = CRM_EX_OK;
 
 #define INDENT "                                   "
 
 static pcmk__supported_format_t formats[] = {
     PCMK__SUPPORTED_FORMAT_NONE,
     PCMK__SUPPORTED_FORMAT_TEXT,
     PCMK__SUPPORTED_FORMAT_XML,
     { NULL, NULL, NULL }
 };
 
 static gboolean
 all_actions_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_all_actions;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 attrs_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     section_opts |= pcmk_section_attributes;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 failcounts_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     section_opts |= pcmk_section_failcounts | pcmk_section_failures;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 in_place_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.store = TRUE;
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process | pcmk_sim_simulate;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 live_check_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     if (options.xml_file) {
         free(options.xml_file);
     }
 
     options.xml_file = NULL;
     options.flags &= ~pcmk_sim_sanitized;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 node_down_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.injections->node_down = g_list_append(options.injections->node_down, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 node_fail_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.injections->node_fail = g_list_append(options.injections->node_fail, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 node_up_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     pcmk__simulate_node_config = true;
     options.injections->node_up = g_list_append(options.injections->node_up, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 op_fail_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process | pcmk_sim_simulate;
     options.injections->op_fail = g_list_append(options.injections->op_fail, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 op_inject_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.injections->op_inject = g_list_append(options.injections->op_inject, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 pending_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_show_pending;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 process_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 quorum_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     pcmk__str_update(&options.injections->quorum, optarg);
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 save_dotfile_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process;
     pcmk__str_update(&options.dot_file, optarg);
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 save_graph_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process;
     pcmk__str_update(&options.graph_file, optarg);
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 show_scores_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process | pcmk_sim_show_scores;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 simulate_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process | pcmk_sim_simulate;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 ticket_activate_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.injections->ticket_activate = g_list_append(options.injections->ticket_activate, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 ticket_grant_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.injections->ticket_grant = g_list_append(options.injections->ticket_grant, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 ticket_revoke_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.injections->ticket_revoke = g_list_append(options.injections->ticket_revoke, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 ticket_standby_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.injections->ticket_standby = g_list_append(options.injections->ticket_standby, g_strdup(optarg));
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 utilization_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_process | pcmk_sim_show_utilization;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 watchdog_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     pcmk__str_update(&options.injections->watchdog, optarg);
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 xml_file_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     pcmk__str_update(&options.xml_file, optarg);
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_sanitized;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static gboolean
 xml_pipe_cb(const gchar *option_name, const gchar *optarg, gpointer data, GError **error) {
     pcmk__str_update(&options.xml_file, "-");
     options.flags |= pcmk_sim_sanitized;
     return TRUE;
 }
 
 static GOptionEntry operation_entries[] = {
     { "run", 'R', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, process_cb,
       "Process the supplied input and show what actions the cluster will take in response",
       NULL },
     { "simulate", 'S', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, simulate_cb,
       "Like --run, but also simulate taking those actions and show the resulting new status",
       NULL },
     { "in-place", 'X', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, in_place_cb,
       "Like --simulate, but also store the results back to the input file",
       NULL },
     { "show-attrs", 'A', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, attrs_cb,
       "Show node attributes",
       NULL },
     { "show-failcounts", 'c', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, failcounts_cb,
       "Show resource fail counts",
       NULL },
     { "show-scores", 's', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, show_scores_cb,
       "Show allocation scores",
       NULL },
     { "show-utilization", 'U', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, utilization_cb,
       "Show utilization information",
       NULL },
     { "profile", 'P', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME, &options.test_dir,
       "Process all the XML files in the named directory to create profiling data",
       "DIR" },
     { "repeat", 'N', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_INT, &options.repeat,
       "With --profile, repeat each test N times and print timings",
       "N" },
     /* Deprecated */
     { "pending", 'j', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG|G_OPTION_FLAG_HIDDEN, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, pending_cb,
       "Display pending state if '" PCMK_META_RECORD_PENDING "' is enabled",
       NULL },
 
     { NULL }
 };
 
 static GOptionEntry synthetic_entries[] = {
     { "node-up", 'u', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, node_up_cb,
       "Simulate bringing a node online",
       "NODE" },
     { "node-down", 'd', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, node_down_cb,
       "Simulate taking a node offline",
       "NODE" },
     { "node-fail", 'f', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, node_fail_cb,
       "Simulate a node failing",
       "NODE" },
     { "op-inject", 'i', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, op_inject_cb,
       "Generate a failure for the cluster to react to in the simulation.\n"
       INDENT "See `Operation Specification` help for more information.",
       "OPSPEC" },
     { "op-fail", 'F', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, op_fail_cb,
       "If the specified task occurs during the simulation, have it fail with return code ${rc}.\n"
       INDENT "The transition will normally stop at the failed action.\n"
       INDENT "Save the result with --save-output and re-run with --xml-file.\n"
       INDENT "See `Operation Specification` help for more information.",
       "OPSPEC" },
     { "set-datetime", 't', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_STRING, &options.use_date,
       "Set date/time (ISO 8601 format, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601)",
       "DATETIME" },
     { "quorum", 'q', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, quorum_cb,
       "Set to '1' (or 'true') to indicate cluster has quorum",
       "QUORUM" },
     { "watchdog", 'w', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, watchdog_cb,
       "Set to '1' (or 'true') to indicate cluster has an active watchdog device",
       "DEVICE" },
     { "ticket-grant", 'g', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, ticket_grant_cb,
       "Simulate granting a ticket",
       "TICKET" },
     { "ticket-revoke", 'r', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, ticket_revoke_cb,
       "Simulate revoking a ticket",
       "TICKET" },
     { "ticket-standby", 'b', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, ticket_standby_cb,
       "Simulate making a ticket standby",
       "TICKET" },
     { "ticket-activate", 'e', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, ticket_activate_cb,
       "Simulate activating a ticket",
       "TICKET" },
 
     { NULL }
 };
 
 static GOptionEntry artifact_entries[] = {
     { "save-input", 'I', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME, &options.input_file,
       "Save the input configuration to the named file",
       "FILE" },
     { "save-output", 'O', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_FILENAME, &options.output_file,
       "Save the output configuration to the named file",
       "FILE" },
     { "save-graph", 'G', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, save_graph_cb,
       "Save the transition graph (XML format) to the named file",
       "FILE" },
     { "save-dotfile", 'D', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, save_dotfile_cb,
       "Save the transition graph (DOT format) to the named file",
       "FILE" },
     { "all-actions", 'a', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, all_actions_cb,
       "Display all possible actions in DOT graph (even if not part of transition)",
       NULL },
 
     { NULL }
 };
 
 static GOptionEntry source_entries[] = {
     { "live-check", 'L', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, live_check_cb,
       "Connect to CIB manager and use the current CIB contents as input",
       NULL },
     { "xml-file", 'x', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, xml_file_cb,
       "Retrieve XML from the named file",
       "FILE" },
     { "xml-pipe", 'p', G_OPTION_FLAG_NO_ARG, G_OPTION_ARG_CALLBACK, xml_pipe_cb,
       "Retrieve XML from stdin",
       NULL },
 
     { NULL }
 };
 
+/*!
+ * \internal
+ * \brief Output a configuration error
+ *
+ * \param[in] ctx  Output object
+ * \param[in] msg  printf(3)-style format string
+ * \param[in] ...  Format string arguments
+ */
+G_GNUC_PRINTF(2, 3)
+static void
+output_config_error(void *ctx, const char *msg, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    char *buf = NULL;
+    pcmk__output_t *out = ctx;
+
+    va_start(ap, msg);
+    pcmk__assert(vasprintf(&buf, msg, ap) > 0);
+    if (!out->is_quiet(out)) {
+        out->err(out, "error: %s", buf);
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+}
+
+/*!
+ * \internal
+ * \brief Output a configuration warning
+ *
+ * \param[in] ctx  Output object
+ * \param[in] msg  printf(3)-style format string
+ * \param[in] ...  Format string arguments
+ */
+G_GNUC_PRINTF(2, 3)
+static void
+output_config_warning(void *ctx, const char *msg, ...)
+{
+    va_list ap;
+    char *buf = NULL;
+    pcmk__output_t *out = ctx;
+
+    va_start(ap, msg);
+    pcmk__assert(vasprintf(&buf, msg, ap) > 0);
+    if (!out->is_quiet(out)) {
+        out->err(out, "warning: %s", buf);
+    }
+    va_end(ap);
+}
+
 static int
 setup_input(pcmk__output_t *out, const char *input, const char *output,
             GError **error)
 {
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
     xmlNode *cib_object = NULL;
     char *local_output = NULL;
 
     if (input == NULL) {
         /* Use live CIB */
         rc = cib__signon_query(out, NULL, &cib_object);
         if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
             // cib__signon_query() outputs any relevant error
             return rc;
         }
 
     } else if (pcmk__str_eq(input, "-", pcmk__str_casei)) {
         cib_object = pcmk__xml_read(NULL);
 
     } else {
         cib_object = pcmk__xml_read(input);
     }
 
     if (cib_object == NULL) {
         rc = pcmk_rc_bad_input;
         g_set_error(error, PCMK__EXITC_ERROR, pcmk_rc2exitc(rc),
                     "Could not read input XML: %s", pcmk_rc_str(rc));
         return rc;
     }
 
     if (pcmk_find_cib_element(cib_object, PCMK_XE_STATUS) == NULL) {
         pcmk__xe_create(cib_object, PCMK_XE_STATUS);
     }
 
     rc = pcmk__update_configured_schema(&cib_object, false);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         pcmk__xml_free(cib_object);
         return rc;
     }
 
     if (!pcmk__validate_xml(cib_object, NULL, NULL, NULL)) {
         pcmk__xml_free(cib_object);
         return pcmk_rc_schema_validation;
     }
 
     if (output == NULL) {
         char *pid = pcmk__getpid_s();
 
         local_output = get_shadow_file(pid);
         temp_shadow = strdup(local_output);
         output = local_output;
         free(pid);
     }
 
     rc = pcmk__xml_write_file(cib_object, output, false);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         g_set_error(error, PCMK__EXITC_ERROR, CRM_EX_CANTCREAT,
                     "Could not create '%s': %s", output, pcmk_rc_str(rc));
     } else {
         setenv("CIB_file", output, 1);
     }
 
     pcmk__xml_free(cib_object);
     free(local_output);
     return rc;
 }
 
 static GOptionContext *
 build_arg_context(pcmk__common_args_t *args, GOptionGroup **group) {
     GOptionContext *context = NULL;
 
     GOptionEntry extra_prog_entries[] = {
         { "quiet", 'Q', 0, G_OPTION_ARG_NONE, &(args->quiet),
           "Display only essential output",
           NULL },
 
         { NULL }
     };
 
     const char *description = "Operation Specification:\n\n"
                               "The OPSPEC in any command line option is of the form\n"
                               "${resource}_${task}_${interval_in_ms}@${node}=${rc}\n"
                               "(memcached_monitor_20000@bart.example.com=7, for example).\n"
                               "${rc} is an OCF return code.  For more information on these\n"
                               "return codes, refer to https://clusterlabs.org/pacemaker/doc/2.1/Pacemaker_Administration/html/agents.html#ocf-return-codes\n\n"
                               "Examples:\n\n"
                               "Pretend a recurring monitor action found memcached stopped on node\n"
                               "fred.example.com and, during recovery, that the memcached stop\n"
                               "action failed:\n\n"
                               "\tcrm_simulate -LS --op-inject memcached:0_monitor_20000@bart.example.com=7 "
                               "--op-fail memcached:0_stop_0@fred.example.com=1 --save-output /tmp/memcached-test.xml\n\n"
                               "Now see what the reaction to the stop failed would be:\n\n"
                               "\tcrm_simulate -S --xml-file /tmp/memcached-test.xml\n\n";
 
     context = pcmk__build_arg_context(args, "text (default), xml", group, NULL);
     pcmk__add_main_args(context, extra_prog_entries);
     g_option_context_set_description(context, description);
 
     pcmk__add_arg_group(context, "operations", "Operations:",
                         "Show operations options", operation_entries);
     pcmk__add_arg_group(context, "synthetic", "Synthetic Cluster Events:",
                         "Show synthetic cluster event options", synthetic_entries);
     pcmk__add_arg_group(context, "artifact", "Artifact Options:",
                         "Show artifact options", artifact_entries);
     pcmk__add_arg_group(context, "source", "Data Source:",
                         "Show data source options", source_entries);
 
     return context;
 }
 
 int
 main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
     int rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
     pcmk_scheduler_t *scheduler = NULL;
     pcmk__output_t *out = NULL;
 
     GError *error = NULL;
 
     GOptionGroup *output_group = NULL;
     pcmk__common_args_t *args = pcmk__new_common_args(SUMMARY);
     gchar **processed_args = pcmk__cmdline_preproc(argv, "bdefgiqrtuwxDFGINOP");
     GOptionContext *context = build_arg_context(args, &output_group);
 
     options.injections = calloc(1, sizeof(pcmk_injections_t));
     if (options.injections == NULL) {
         rc = ENOMEM;
         goto done;
     }
 
     /* This must come before g_option_context_parse_strv. */
     options.xml_file = strdup("-");
 
     pcmk__register_formats(output_group, formats);
     if (!g_option_context_parse_strv(context, &processed_args, &error)) {
         exit_code = CRM_EX_USAGE;
         goto done;
     }
 
     pcmk__cli_init_logging("crm_simulate", args->verbosity);
 
     rc = pcmk__output_new(&out, args->output_ty, args->output_dest, argv);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         fprintf(stderr, "Error creating output format %s: %s\n",
                 args->output_ty, pcmk_rc_str(rc));
         exit_code = CRM_EX_ERROR;
         goto done;
     }
 
     if (pcmk__str_eq(args->output_ty, "text", pcmk__str_null_matches) &&
         !(pcmk_is_set(options.flags, pcmk_sim_show_scores) && args->quiet)) {
         pcmk__output_text_set_fancy(out, true);
     }
 
     pe__register_messages(out);
     pcmk__register_lib_messages(out);
 
     out->quiet = args->quiet;
 
+    pcmk__set_config_error_handler(output_config_error, out);
+    pcmk__set_config_warning_handler(output_config_warning, out);
+
     if (args->version) {
         out->version(out, false);
         goto done;
     }
 
     if (args->verbosity > 0) {
         options.flags |= pcmk_sim_verbose;
     }
 
     scheduler = pe_new_working_set();
     if (scheduler == NULL) {
         rc = ENOMEM;
         g_set_error(&error, PCMK__RC_ERROR, rc,
                     "Could not allocate scheduler data");
         goto done;
     }
 
     if (pcmk_is_set(options.flags, pcmk_sim_show_scores)) {
         pcmk__set_scheduler_flags(scheduler, pcmk__sched_output_scores);
     }
     if (pcmk_is_set(options.flags, pcmk_sim_show_utilization)) {
         pcmk__set_scheduler_flags(scheduler, pcmk__sched_show_utilization);
     }
 
     if (options.test_dir != NULL) {
         scheduler->priv->out = out;
         pcmk__profile_dir(options.test_dir, options.repeat, scheduler,
                           options.use_date);
         rc = pcmk_rc_ok;
         goto done;
     }
 
     rc = setup_input(out, options.xml_file,
                      options.store? options.xml_file : options.output_file,
                      &error);
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         goto done;
     }
 
     rc = pcmk__simulate(scheduler, out, options.injections, options.flags,
                         section_opts, options.use_date, options.input_file,
                         options.graph_file, options.dot_file);
 
   done:
     pcmk__output_and_clear_error(&error, NULL);
 
     /* There sure is a lot to free in options. */
     free(options.dot_file);
     free(options.graph_file);
     g_free(options.input_file);
     g_free(options.output_file);
     g_free(options.test_dir);
     free(options.use_date);
     free(options.xml_file);
 
     pcmk_free_injections(options.injections);
     pcmk__free_arg_context(context);
     g_strfreev(processed_args);
 
     if (scheduler != NULL) {
         pe_free_working_set(scheduler);
     }
 
     fflush(stderr);
 
     if (temp_shadow) {
         unlink(temp_shadow);
         free(temp_shadow);
     }
 
     if (rc != pcmk_rc_ok) {
         exit_code = pcmk_rc2exitc(rc);
     }
 
     if (out != NULL) {
         out->finish(out, exit_code, true, NULL);
         pcmk__output_free(out);
     }
 
     pcmk__unregister_formats();
     crm_exit(exit_code);
 }