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diff --git a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Active-Active.txt b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Active-Active.txt
index f7692e1a6a..6d5f03fd05 100644
--- a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Active-Active.txt
+++ b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Active-Active.txt
@@ -1,549 +1,537 @@
= Conversion to Active/Active =
== Requirements ==
The primary requirement for an Active/Active cluster is that the data
required for your services is available, simultaneously, on both
machines. Pacemaker makes no requirement on how this is achieved, you
could use a SAN if you had one available, however since DRBD supports
multiple Primaries, we can also use that.
The only hitch is that we need to use a cluster-aware filesystem. The
one we used earlier with DRBD, ext4, is not one of those. Both OCFS2
and GFS2 are supported, however here we will use GFS2 which comes with
Fedora 17.
=== Installing the required Software ===
[source,Bash]
-----
-# yum install -y gfs2-utils dlm
+# yum install -y gfs2-utils dlm kernel-modules-extra
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
----> Package dlm.x86_64 0:3.99.1-4.fc17 will be installed
---> Processing Dependency: dlm-lib = 3.99.1-4.fc17 for package: dlm-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64
---> Processing Dependency: libdlmcontrol.so.3()(64bit) for package: dlm-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64
---> Processing Dependency: libdlm.so.3()(64bit) for package: dlm-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64
+---> Package dlm.x86_64 0:3.99.4-1.fc17 will be installed
---> Package gfs2-utils.x86_64 0:3.1.4-3.fc17 will be installed
---> Running transaction check
----> Package dlm-lib.x86_64 0:3.99.1-4.fc17 will be installed
+---> Package kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 0:3.4.4-3.fc17 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
-=====================================================================================
- Package Arch Version Repository Size
-=====================================================================================
+================================================================================
+ Package Arch Version Repository Size
+================================================================================
Installing:
- dlm x86_64 3.99.1-4.fc17 updates-testing 77 k
- gfs2-utils x86_64 3.1.4-3.fc17 fedora 214 k
-Installing for dependencies:
- dlm-lib x86_64 3.99.1-4.fc17 updates-testing 19 k
+ dlm x86_64 3.99.4-1.fc17 updates 83 k
+ gfs2-utils x86_64 3.1.4-3.fc17 fedora 214 k
+ kernel-modules-extra x86_64 3.4.4-3.fc17 updates 1.7 M
Transaction Summary
-=====================================================================================
-Install 2 Packages (+1 Dependent package)
+================================================================================
+Install 3 Packages
-Total download size: 309 k
-Installed size: 879 k
+Total download size: 1.9 M
+Installed size: 7.7 M
Downloading Packages:
-(1/3): dlm-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00
-(2/3): dlm-lib-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 19 kB 00:00
-(3/3): gfs2-utils-3.1.4-3.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 214 kB 00:00
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-Total 241 kB/s | 309 kB 00:01
+(1/3): dlm-3.99.4-1.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 83 kB 00:00
+(2/3): gfs2-utils-3.1.4-3.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 214 kB 00:00
+(3/3): kernel-modules-extra-3.4.4-3.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 1.7 MB 00:01
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Total 615 kB/s | 1.9 MB 00:03
Running Transaction Check
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
- Installing : dlm-lib-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64 1/3
- Installing : dlm-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64 2/3
- Installing : gfs2-utils-3.1.4-3.fc17.x86_64 3/3
- Verifying : dlm-lib-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64 1/3
- Verifying : gfs2-utils-3.1.4-3.fc17.x86_64 2/3
- Verifying : dlm-3.99.1-4.fc17.x86_64 3/3
+ Installing : kernel-modules-extra-3.4.4-3.fc17.x86_64 1/3
+ Installing : gfs2-utils-3.1.4-3.fc17.x86_64 2/3
+ Installing : dlm-3.99.4-1.fc17.x86_64 3/3
+ Verifying : dlm-3.99.4-1.fc17.x86_64 1/3
+ Verifying : gfs2-utils-3.1.4-3.fc17.x86_64 2/3
+ Verifying : kernel-modules-extra-3.4.4-3.fc17.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
- dlm.x86_64 0:3.99.1-4.fc17 gfs2-utils.x86_64 0:3.1.4-3.fc17
-
-Dependency Installed:
- dlm-lib.x86_64 0:3.99.1-4.fc17
+ dlm.x86_64 0:3.99.4-1.fc17
+ gfs2-utils.x86_64 0:3.1.4-3.fc17
+ kernel-modules-extra.x86_64 0:3.4.4-3.fc17
Complete!
-----
== Create a GFS2 Filesystem ==
[[GFS2_prep]]
=== Preparation ===
Before we do anything to the existing partition, we need to make sure it
is unmounted. We do this by telling the cluster to stop the WebFS resource.
This will ensure that other resources (in our case, Apache) using WebFS
are not only stopped, but stopped in the correct order.
[source,Bash]
-----
# crm resource stop WebFS
# crm_mon -1
============
Last updated: Tue Apr 3 14:07:36 2012
Last change: Tue Apr 3 14:07:15 2012 via cibadmin on pcmk-1
Stack: corosync
Current DC: pcmk-1 (1702537408) - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff
2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes
5 Resources configured.
============
Online: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
ClusterIP (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started pcmk-2
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone [WebData]
Masters: [ pcmk-2 ]
Slaves: [ pcmk-1 ]
-----
[NOTE]
=======
Note that both Apache and WebFS have been stopped.
=======
=== Create and Populate an GFS2 Partition ===
Now that the cluster stack and integration pieces are running smoothly,
we can create an GFS2 partition.
[WARNING]
=========
This will erase all previous content stored on the DRBD device. Ensure
you have a copy of any important data.
=========
We need to specify a number of additional parameters when creating a
GFS2 partition.
First we must use the -p option to specify that we want to use the the
Kernel's DLM. Next we use -j to indicate that it should reserve enough
space for two journals (one per node accessing the filesystem).
Lastly, we use -t to specify the lock table name. The format for this
field is +clustername:fsname+. For the +fsname+, we need to use the same
value as specified in 'cluster.conf' for +cluster_name+. Just pick
something unique and descriptive and add somewhere inside the +totem+
block. For example:
.....
totem {
version: 2
# cypto_cipher and crypto_hash: Used for mutual node authentication.
# If you choose to enable this, then do remember to create a shared
# secret with "corosync-keygen".
crypto_cipher: none
crypto_hash: none
cluster_name: webtest
...
.....
[IMPORTANT]
===========
Do this on each node in the cluster and be sure to restart them before
continuing.
===========
[IMPORTANT]
===========
We must run the next command on whichever node last had '/dev/drbd'
mounted. Otherwise you will receive the message:
-----
/dev/drbd1: Read-only file system
-----
===========
[source,Bash]
-----
-# ssh pcmk-2 -- mkfs.gfs2 -p lock_dlm -j 2 -t webtest /dev/drbd1
+# ssh pcmk-2 -- mkfs.gfs2 -p lock_dlm -j 2 -t webtest:web /dev/drbd1
This will destroy any data on /dev/drbd1.
It appears to contain: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=dc45fff3-c47a-4db2-96f7-a8049a323fe4 (extents) (large files) (huge files)
Are you sure you want to proceed? [y/n]y
Device: /dev/drbd1
Blocksize: 4096
Device Size 0.97 GB (253935 blocks)
Filesystem Size: 0.97 GB (253932 blocks)
Journals: 2
Resource Groups: 4
Locking Protocol: "lock_dlm"
Lock Table: "webtest"
UUID: ed293a02-9eee-3fa3-ed1c-435ef1fd0116
-----
[source,Bash]
-----
# crm
crm(live)# cib new dlm
INFO: dlm shadow CIB created
crm(dlm)# configure primitive dlm ocf:pacemaker:controld \
op monitor interval=60s
crm(dlm)# configure clone dlm_clone dlm meta clone-max=2 clone-node-max=1
crm(dlm)# configure show
node $id="1702537408" pcmk-1 \
attributes standby="off"
node $id="1719314624" pcmk-2
primitive ClusterIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \
params ip="192.168.122.120" cidr_netmask="32" \
op monitor interval="30s"
primitive WebData ocf:linbit:drbd \
params drbd_resource="wwwdata" \
op monitor interval="60s"
primitive WebFS ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem \
params device="/dev/drbd/by-res/wwwdata" directory="/var/www/html" fstype="ext4" \
meta target-role="Stopped"
primitive WebSite ocf:heartbeat:apache \
params configfile="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval="1min"
primitive dlm ocf:pacemaker:controld \
op monitor interval="60s"
ms WebDataClone WebData \
meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true"
clone dlm_clone dlm \
meta clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1"
location prefer-pcmk-1 WebSite 50: pcmk-1
colocation WebSite-with-WebFS inf: WebSite WebFS
colocation fs_on_drbd inf: WebFS WebDataClone:Master
colocation website-with-ip inf: WebSite ClusterIP
order WebFS-after-WebData inf: WebDataClone:promote WebFS:start
order WebSite-after-WebFS inf: WebFS WebSite
order apache-after-ip inf: ClusterIP WebSite
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \
dc-version="1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff" \
cluster-infrastructure="corosync" \
stonith-enabled="false" \
no-quorum-policy="ignore" \
last-lrm-refresh="1333446866"
rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" \
resource-stickiness="100"
op_defaults $id="op-options" \
timeout="240s"
crm(dlm)# cib commit dlm
INFO: commited 'dlm' shadow CIB to the cluster
crm(dlm)# quit
bye
# crm_mon -1
============
Last updated: Wed Apr 4 01:15:11 2012
Last change: Wed Apr 4 00:50:11 2012 via crmd on pcmk-1
Stack: corosync
Current DC: pcmk-1 (1702537408) - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff
2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes
7 Resources configured.
============
Online: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
ClusterIP (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started pcmk-1
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone [WebData]
Masters: [ pcmk-1 ]
Slaves: [ pcmk-2 ]
Clone Set: dlm_clone [dlm]
Started: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
-----
-
-[WARNING]
-=========
-Nothing has been updated past this point and is probably severely broken.
-=========
-
Then (re)populate the new filesystem with data (web pages). For now we'll
create another variation on our home page.
[source,Bash]
-----
# mount /dev/drbd1 /mnt/
# cat <<-END >/mnt/index.html
<html>
<body>My Test Site - GFS2</body>
</html>
END
# umount /dev/drbd1
# drbdadm verify wwwdata#
-----
== Reconfigure the Cluster for GFS2 ==
[source,Bash]
-----
# crm
crm(live) # cib new GFS2
INFO: GFS2 shadow CIB created
crm(GFS2) # configure delete WebFS
crm(GFS2) # configure primitive WebFS ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem params device="/dev/drbd/by-res/wwwdata" directory="/var/www/html" fstype="gfs2"
-----
Now that we've recreated the resource, we also need to recreate all the
constraints that used it. This is because the shell will automatically
remove any constraints that referenced WebFS.
[source,Bash]
-----
crm(GFS2) # configure colocation WebSite-with-WebFS inf: WebSite WebFS
crm(GFS2) # configure colocation fs_on_drbd inf: WebFS WebDataClone:Master
crm(GFS2) # configure order WebFS-after-WebData inf: WebDataClone:promote WebFS:start
crm(GFS2) # configure order WebSite-after-WebFS inf: WebFS WebSite
crm(GFS2) # configure show
node pcmk-1
node pcmk-2
primitive WebData ocf:linbit:drbd \
params drbd_resource="wwwdata" \
op monitor interval="60s"
primitive WebFS ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem \
params device="/dev/drbd/by-res/wwwdata" directory="/var/www/html" fstype="gfs2"
primitive WebSite ocf:heartbeat:apache \
params configfile="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval="1min"
primitive ClusterIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \
params ip="192.168.122.101" cidr_netmask="32" \
op monitor interval="30s"
ms WebDataClone WebData \
meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true"
colocation WebSite-with-WebFS inf: WebSite WebFS
colocation fs_on_drbd inf: WebFS WebDataClone:Master
colocation website-with-ip inf: WebSite ClusterIP
order WebFS-after-WebData inf: WebDataClone:promote WebFS:start
order WebSite-after-WebFS inf: WebFS WebSite
order apache-after-ip inf: ClusterIP WebSite
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \
dc-version="1.1.5-bdd89e69ba545404d02445be1f3d72e6a203ba2f" \
cluster-infrastructure="openais" \
expected-quorum-votes="2" \
stonith-enabled="false" \
no-quorum-policy="ignore"
rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" \
resource-stickiness="100"
-----
Review the configuration before uploading it to the cluster, quitting the
shell and watching the cluster's response
[source,Bash]
-----
crm(GFS2) # cib commit GFS2
INFO: commited 'GFS2' shadow CIB to the cluster
crm(GFS2) # quit
bye
# crm_mon
============
Last updated: Thu Sep 3 20:49:54 2009
Stack: openais
Current DC: pcmk-2 - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.5-bdd89e69ba545404d02445be1f3d72e6a203ba2f
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes
6 Resources configured.
============
Online: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
WebSite (ocf::heartbeat:apache): Started pcmk-2
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone
Masters: [ pcmk-1 ]
Slaves: [ pcmk-2 ]
ClusterIP (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr): Started pcmk-2WebFS (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem): Started pcmk-1
-----
== Reconfigure Pacemaker for Active/Active ==
Almost everything is in place. Recent versions of DRBD are capable of
operating in Primary/Primary mode and the filesystem we're using is
cluster aware. All we need to do now is reconfigure the cluster to take
advantage of this.
This will involve a number of changes, so we'll again use interactive
mode.
[source,Bash]
-----
# crm
# cib new active
-----
There's no point making the services active on both locations if we can't
reach them, so lets first clone the IP address. Cloned IPaddr2 resources
use an iptables rule to ensure that each request only gets processed by one of
the two clone instances. The additional meta options tell the cluster how
many instances of the clone we want (one "request bucket" for each node)
and that if all other nodes fail, then the remaining node should hold all
of them. Otherwise the requests would be simply discarded.
[source,Bash]
-----
# configure clone WebIP ClusterIP \
meta globally-unique="true" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="2"
-----
Now we must tell the ClusterIP how to decide which requests are
processed by which hosts. To do this we must specify the
clusterip_hash parameter.
Open the ClusterIP resource
[source,Bash]
-----
# configure edit ClusterIP
-----
And add the following to the params line
.....
clusterip_hash="sourceip"
.....
So that the complete definition looks like:
.....
primitive ClusterIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \
params ip="192.168.122.101" cidr_netmask="32" clusterip_hash="sourceip" \
op monitor interval="30s"
.....
Here is the full transcript
[source,Bash]
-----
# crm crm(live)
# cib new active
INFO: active shadow CIB created
crm(active) # configure clone WebIP ClusterIP \
meta globally-unique="true" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="2"
crm(active) # configure shownode pcmk-1
node pcmk-2
primitive WebData ocf:linbit:drbd \
params drbd_resource="wwwdata" \
op monitor interval="60s"
primitive WebFS ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem \
params device="/dev/drbd/by-res/wwwdata" directory="/var/www/html" fstype="gfs2"
primitive WebSite ocf:heartbeat:apache \
params configfile="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval="1min"
primitive ClusterIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \
params ip="192.168.122.101" cidr_netmask="32" clusterip_hash="sourceip" \
op monitor interval="30s"
ms WebDataClone WebData \
meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true"
clone WebIP ClusterIP \
meta globally-unique="true" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="2"
colocation WebSite-with-WebFS inf: WebSite WebFS
colocation fs_on_drbd inf: WebFS WebDataClone:Master
colocation website-with-ip inf: WebSite WebIPorder WebFS-after-WebData inf: WebDataClone:promote WebFS:start
order WebSite-after-WebFS inf: WebFS WebSiteorder apache-after-ip inf: WebIP WebSite
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \
dc-version="1.1.5-bdd89e69ba545404d02445be1f3d72e6a203ba2f" \
cluster-infrastructure="openais" \
expected-quorum-votes="2" \
stonith-enabled="false" \
no-quorum-policy="ignore"
rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" \
resource-stickiness="100"
-----
Notice how any constraints that referenced ClusterIP have been updated
to use WebIP instead. This is an additional benefit of using the crm
shell.
Next we need to convert the filesystem and Apache resources into
clones. Again, the shell will automatically update any relevant
constraints.
[source,Bash]
-----
crm(active) # configure clone WebFSClone WebFS
crm(active) # configure clone WebSiteClone WebSite
-----
The last step is to tell the cluster that it is now allowed to promote
both instances to be Primary (aka. Master).
[source,Bash]
-----
crm(active) # configure edit WebDataClone
-----
Change master-max to 2
[source,Bash]
-----
crm(active) # configure show
node pcmk-1
node pcmk-2
primitive WebData ocf:linbit:drbd \
params drbd_resource="wwwdata" \
op monitor interval="60s"
primitive WebFS ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem \
params device="/dev/drbd/by-res/wwwdata" directory="/var/www/html" fstype="gfs2"
primitive WebSite ocf:heartbeat:apache \
params configfile="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval="1min"
primitive ClusterIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \
params ip="192.168.122.101" cidr_netmask="32" clusterip_hash="sourceip" \
op monitor interval="30s"
ms WebDataClone WebData \
meta master-max="2" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true"
clone WebFSClone WebFSclone WebIP ClusterIP \
meta globally-unique="true" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="2"
clone WebSiteClone WebSitecolocation WebSite-with-WebFS inf: WebSiteClone WebFSClone
colocation fs_on_drbd inf: WebFSClone WebDataClone:Master
colocation website-with-ip inf: WebSiteClone WebIP
order WebFS-after-WebData inf: WebDataClone:promote WebFSClone:start
order WebSite-after-WebFS inf: WebFSClone WebSiteClone
order apache-after-ip inf: WebIP WebSiteClone
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \
dc-version="1.1.5-bdd89e69ba545404d02445be1f3d72e6a203ba2f" \
cluster-infrastructure="openais" \
expected-quorum-votes="2" \
stonith-enabled="false" \
no-quorum-policy="ignore"
rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" \
resource-stickiness="100"
-----
Review the configuration before uploading it to the cluster, quitting the
shell and watching the cluster's response
[source,Bash]
-----
crm(active) # cib commit active
INFO: commited 'active' shadow CIB to the cluster
crm(active) # quit
bye
# crm_mon
============
Last updated: Thu Sep 3 21:37:27 2009
Stack: openais
Current DC: pcmk-2 - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.5-bdd89e69ba545404d02445be1f3d72e6a203ba2f
2 Nodes configured, 2 expected votes
6 Resources configured.
============
Online: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone
Masters: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
Clone Set: WebIP Started: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
Clone Set: WebFSClone Started: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
Clone Set: WebSiteClone Started: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
-----
=== Testing Recovery ===
[NOTE]
=======
TODO: Put one node into standby to demonstrate failover
=======
diff --git a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Shared-Storage.txt b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Shared-Storage.txt
index 15a6d9d078..a526eeac00 100644
--- a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Shared-Storage.txt
+++ b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Ch-Shared-Storage.txt
@@ -1,556 +1,556 @@
= Replicated Storage with DRBD =
== Background ==
Even if you're serving up static websites, having to manually synchronize
the contents of that website to all the machines in the cluster is not
ideal. For dynamic websites, such as a wiki, it's not even an option. Not
everyone care afford network-attached storage but somehow the data needs
to be kept in sync. Enter DRBD which can be thought of as network based
RAID-1. See http://www.drbd.org/ for more details.
== Install the DRBD Packages ==
Since its inclusion in the upstream 2.6.33 kernel, everything needed
to use DRBD has shiped with Fedora since version 13. All you need to
do is install it:
[source,Bash]
.....
# yum install -y drbd-pacemaker drbd-udev
Loaded plugins: langpacks, presto, refresh-packagekit
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package drbd-pacemaker.x86_64 0:8.3.11-5.fc17 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: drbd-utils = 8.3.11-5.fc17 for package: drbd-pacemaker-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64
---> Package drbd-udev.x86_64 0:8.3.11-5.fc17 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package drbd-utils.x86_64 0:8.3.11-5.fc17 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================
Installing:
drbd-pacemaker x86_64 8.3.11-5.fc17 updates-testing 22 k
drbd-udev x86_64 8.3.11-5.fc17 updates-testing 6.4 k
Installing for dependencies:
drbd-utils x86_64 8.3.11-5.fc17 updates-testing 183 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================
Install 2 Packages (+1 Dependent package)
Total download size: 212 k
Installed size: 473 k
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): drbd-pacemaker-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 22 kB 00:00
(2/3): drbd-udev-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 6.4 kB 00:00
(3/3): drbd-utils-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 293 kB/s | 212 kB 00:00
Running Transaction Check
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : drbd-utils-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64 1/3
Installing : drbd-pacemaker-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64 2/3
Installing : drbd-udev-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64 3/3
Verifying : drbd-pacemaker-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64 1/3
Verifying : drbd-udev-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64 2/3
Verifying : drbd-utils-8.3.11-5.fc17.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
drbd-pacemaker.x86_64 0:8.3.11-5.fc17 drbd-udev.x86_64 0:8.3.11-5.fc17
Dependency Installed:
drbd-utils.x86_64 0:8.3.11-5.fc17
Complete!
.....
== Configure DRBD ==
Before we configure DRBD, we need to set aside some disk for it to use.
=== Create A Partition for DRBD ===
If you have more than 1Gb free, feel free to use it. For this guide
however, 1Gb is plenty of space for a single html file and sufficient for
later holding the GFS2 metadata.
[source,Bash]
----
# vgdisplay | grep -e Name - e Free
- VG Name vg_fedora13
+ VG Name vg_pcmk1
Free PE / Size 31 / 992.00 MiB
# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Copy% Convert
- lv_root vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
- lv_swap vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
-# lvcreate -n drbd-demo -L 1G vg_fedora13
+ lv_root vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
+ lv_swap vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
+# lvcreate -n drbd-demo -L 1G vg_pcmk1
Logical volume "drbd-demo" created
# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Copy% Convert
- drbd-demo vg_fedora13 -wi-a--- 1.00G
- lv_root vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
- lv_swap vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
+ drbd-demo vg_pcmk1 -wi-a--- 1.00G
+ lv_root vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
+ lv_swap vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
----
Repeat this on the second node, be sure to use the same size partition.
[source,Bash]
----
# ssh pcmk-2 -- lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
- lv_root vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
- lv_swap vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
-# ssh pcmk-2 -- lvcreate -n drbd-demo -L 1G vg_fedora13
+ lv_root vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
+ lv_swap vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
+# ssh pcmk-2 -- lvcreate -n drbd-demo -L 1G vg_pcmk1
Logical volume "drbd-demo" created
# ssh pcmk-2 -- lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy% Convert
- drbd-demo vg_fedora13 -wi-a--- 1.00G
- lv_root vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
- lv_swap vg_fedora13 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
+ drbd-demo vg_pcmk1 -wi-a--- 1.00G
+ lv_root vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 8.56g
+ lv_swap vg_pcmk1 -wi-ao-- 960.00m
----
=== Write the DRBD Config ===
There is no series of commands for building a DRBD configuration, so simply
copy the configuration below to /etc/drbd.conf
Detailed information on the directives used in this configuration (and
other alternatives) is available from
http://www.drbd.org/users-guide/ch-configure.html
[WARNING]
=========
Be sure to use the names and addresses of your nodes if they differ from
the ones used in this guide.
=========
....
global {
usage-count yes;
}
common {
protocol C;
}
resource wwwdata {
meta-disk internal;
device /dev/drbd1;
syncer {
verify-alg sha1;
}
net {
allow-two-primaries;
}
on pcmk-1 {
- disk /dev/vg_fedora13/drbd-demo;
+ disk /dev/vg_pcmk1/drbd-demo;
address 192.168.122.101:7789;
}
on pcmk-2 {
- disk /dev/vg_fedora13/drbd-demo;
+ disk /dev/vg_pcmk1/drbd-demo;
address 192.168.122.102:7789;
}
}
....
[NOTE]
=======
TODO: Explain the reason for the allow-two-primaries option
=======
=== Initialize and Load DRBD ===
With the configuration in place, we can now perform the DRBD
initialization
[source,Bash]
----
# drbdadm create-md wwwdata
Writing meta data...
initializing activity log
NOT initialized bitmap
New drbd meta data block successfully created.
success
----
Now load the DRBD kernel module and confirm that everything is sane
[source,Bash]
----
# modprobe drbd
# drbdadm up wwwdata
# cat /proc/drbd
version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96)
srcversion: 0D2B62DEDB020A425130935
1: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Secondary ds:Inconsistent/Inconsistent C r-----
ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:0 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:1015740
----
Repeat on the second node
[source,Bash]
----
# ssh pcmk-2 -- drbdadm --force create-md wwwdata
Writing meta data...
initializing activity log
NOT initialized bitmap
New drbd meta data block successfully created.
success
# ssh pcmk-2 -- modprobe drbd
WARNING: Deprecated config file /etc/modprobe.conf, all config files belong into /etc/modprobe.d/.
# ssh pcmk-2 -- drbdadm up wwwdata
# ssh pcmk-2 -- cat /proc/drbd
version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96)
srcversion: 0D2B62DEDB020A425130935
1: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Secondary ds:Inconsistent/Inconsistent C r-----
ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:0 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:1015740
----
Now we need to tell DRBD which set of data to use. Since both sides
contain garbage, we can run the following on pcmk-1:
[source,Bash]
----
# drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary wwwdata
# cat /proc/drbd
version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96)
srcversion: 0D2B62DEDB020A425130935
1: cs:SyncSource ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/Inconsistent C r-----
ns:8064 nr:0 dw:0 dr:8728 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:1 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:1007804
[>....................] sync'ed: 0.9% (1007804/1015740)K
finish: 0:12:35 speed: 1,320 (1,320) K/sec
----
After a while, the sync should finish and you'll see:
[source,Bash]
----
# cat /proc/drbd
version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96)
srcversion: 0D2B62DEDB020A425130935
1: cs:Connected ro:Primary/Secondary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate C r-----
ns:1015740 nr:0 dw:0 dr:1016404 al:0 bm:62 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:0
----
pcmk-1 is now in the Primary state which allows it to be written to.
Which means it's a good point at which to create a filesystem and populate
it with some data to serve up via our WebSite resource.
=== Populate DRBD with Data ===
[source,Bash]
----
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/drbd1
mke2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
63488 inodes, 253935 blocks
12696 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=260046848
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7936 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
----
Now mount the newly created filesystem so we can create our index file
[source,Bash]
----
# mount /dev/drbd1 /mnt/
# cat <<-END >/mnt/index.html
<html>
<body>My Test Site - drbd</body>
</html>
END
# umount /dev/drbd1
----
== Configure the Cluster for DRBD ==
One handy feature of the crm shell is that you can use it in
interactive mode to make several changes atomically.
First we launch the shell. The prompt will change to indicate you're
in interactive mode.
[source,Bash]
----
# crm
crm(live) #
----
Next we must create a working copy of the current configuration. This is
where all our changes will go. The cluster will not see any of them until
we say it's ok. Notice again how the prompt changes, this time to indicate
that we're no longer looking at the live cluster.
[source,Bash]
----
cib crm(live) # cib new drbd
INFO: drbd shadow CIB created
crm(drbd) #
----
Now we can create our DRBD clone and display the revised configuration.
[source,Bash]
----
crm(drbd) # configure primitive WebData ocf:linbit:drbd params drbd_resource=wwwdata \
op monitor interval=60s
crm(drbd) # configure ms WebDataClone WebData meta master-max=1 master-node-max=1 \
clone-max=2 clone-node-max=1 notify=true
crm(drbd) # configure show
node $id="1702537408" pcmk-1
node $id="1719314624" pcmk-2
primitive ClusterIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \
params ip="192.168.122.120" cidr_netmask="32" \
op monitor interval="30s"
primitive WebData ocf:linbit:drbd \
params drbd_resource="wwwdata" \
op monitor interval="60s"
primitive WebSite ocf:heartbeat:apache \
params configfile="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval="1min"
ms WebDataClone WebData \
meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true"
location prefer-pcmk-1 WebSite 50: pcmk-1
colocation website-with-ip inf: WebSite ClusterIP
order apache-after-ip inf: ClusterIP WebSite
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \
dc-version="1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff" \
cluster-infrastructure="corosync" \
stonith-enabled="false" \
no-quorum-policy="ignore" \
last-lrm-refresh="1333446866"
rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" \
resource-stickiness="100"
op_defaults $id="op-options" \
timeout="240s"
----
Once we're happy with the changes, we can tell the cluster to start using
them and use crm_mon to check everything is functioning.
[source,Bash]
----
crm(drbd) # cib commit drbd
INFO: commited 'drbd' shadow CIB to the cluster
crm(drbd) # quit
bye
# crm_mon -1
============
Last updated: Tue Apr 3 13:50:01 2012
Last change: Tue Apr 3 13:49:46 2012 via crm_shadow on pcmk-1
Stack: corosync
Current DC: pcmk-1 (1702537408) - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff
2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes
4 Resources configured.
============
Online: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
ClusterIP (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started pcmk-1
WebSite (ocf::heartbeat:apache): Started pcmk-1
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone [WebData]
Masters: [ pcmk-1 ]
Slaves: [ pcmk-2 ]
----
[NOTE]
=======
TODO: Include details on adding a second DRBD resource
=======
Now that DRBD is functioning we can configure a Filesystem resource to
use it. In addition to the filesystem's definition, we also need to
tell the cluster where it can be located (only on the DRBD Primary)
and when it is allowed to start (after the Primary was promoted).
Once again we'll use the shell's interactive mode
[source,Bash]
----
# crm
crm(live) # cib new fs
INFO: fs shadow CIB created
crm(fs) # configure primitive WebFS ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem \
params device="/dev/drbd/by-res/wwwdata" directory="/var/www/html" fstype="ext4"
crm(fs) # configure colocation fs_on_drbd inf: WebFS WebDataClone:Master
crm(fs) # configure order WebFS-after-WebData inf: WebDataClone:promote WebFS:start
----
We also need to tell the cluster that Apache needs to run on the same
machine as the filesystem and that it must be active before Apache can
start.
[source,Bash]
----
crm(fs) # configure colocation WebSite-with-WebFS inf: WebSite WebFS
crm(fs) # configure order WebSite-after-WebFS inf: WebFS WebSite
----
Time to review the updated configuration:
[source,Bash]
----
crm(fs) # configure show
node $id="1702537408" pcmk-1
node $id="1719314624" pcmk-2
primitive ClusterIP ocf:heartbeat:IPaddr2 \
params ip="192.168.122.120" cidr_netmask="32" \
op monitor interval="30s"
primitive WebData ocf:linbit:drbd \
params drbd_resource="wwwdata" \
op monitor interval="60s"
primitive WebFS ocf:heartbeat:Filesystem \
params device="/dev/drbd/by-res/wwwdata" directory="/var/www/html" fstype="ext4"
primitive WebSite ocf:heartbeat:apache \
params configfile="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" \
op monitor interval="1min"
ms WebDataClone WebData \
meta master-max="1" master-node-max="1" clone-max="2" clone-node-max="1" notify="true"
location prefer-pcmk-1 WebSite 50: pcmk-1
colocation WebSite-with-WebFS inf: WebSite WebFS
colocation fs_on_drbd inf: WebFS WebDataClone:Master
colocation website-with-ip inf: WebSite ClusterIP
order WebFS-after-WebData inf: WebDataClone:promote WebFS:start
order WebSite-after-WebFS inf: WebFS WebSite
order apache-after-ip inf: ClusterIP WebSite
property $id="cib-bootstrap-options" \
dc-version="1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff" \
cluster-infrastructure="corosync" \
stonith-enabled="false" \
no-quorum-policy="ignore" \
last-lrm-refresh="1333446866"
rsc_defaults $id="rsc-options" \
resource-stickiness="100"
op_defaults $id="op-options" \
timeout="240s"
----
After reviewing the new configuration, we again upload it and watch the
cluster put it into effect.
[source,Bash]
----
crm(fs) # cib commit fs
INFO: commited 'fs' shadow CIB to the cluster
crm(fs) # quit
bye
# crm_mon -1
============
Last updated: Tue Apr 3 13:52:21 2012
Last change: Tue Apr 3 13:52:06 2012 via crm_shadow on pcmk-1
Stack: corosync
Current DC: pcmk-1 (1702537408) - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff
2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes
5 Resources configured.
============
Online: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
ClusterIP (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started pcmk-1
WebSite (ocf::heartbeat:apache): Started pcmk-1
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone [WebData]
Masters: [ pcmk-1 ]
Slaves: [ pcmk-2 ]
WebFS (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem): Started pcmk-1
----
=== Testing Migration ===
We could shut down the active node again, but another way to safely
simulate recovery is to put the node into what is called "standby
mode". Nodes in this state tell the cluster that they are not allowed
to run resources. Any resources found active there will be moved
elsewhere. This feature can be particularly useful when updating the
resources' packages.
Put the local node into standby mode and observe the cluster move all
the resources to the other node. Note also that the node's status will
change to indicate that it can no longer host resources.
[source,Bash]
----
# crm node standby
# crm_mon -1
============
Last updated: Tue Apr 3 13:59:14 2012
Last change: Tue Apr 3 13:52:36 2012 via crm_attribute on pcmk-1
Stack: corosync
Current DC: pcmk-1 (1702537408) - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff
2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes
5 Resources configured.
============
Node pcmk-1 (1702537408): standby
Online: [ pcmk-2 ]
ClusterIP (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started pcmk-2
WebSite (ocf::heartbeat:apache): Started pcmk-2
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone [WebData]
Masters: [ pcmk-2 ]
Stopped: [ WebData:1 ]
WebFS (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem): Started pcmk-2
----
Once we've done everything we needed to on pcmk-1 (in this case nothing,
we just wanted to see the resources move), we can allow the node to be a
full cluster member again.
[source,Bash]
----
# crm node online
# crm_mon -1
============
Last updated: Tue Apr 3 14:00:06 2012
Last change: Tue Apr 3 14:00:00 2012 via crm_attribute on pcmk-1
Stack: corosync
Current DC: pcmk-1 (1702537408) - partition with quorum
Version: 1.1.7-2.fc17-ee0730e13d124c3d58f00016c3376a1de5323cff
2 Nodes configured, unknown expected votes
5 Resources configured.
============
Online: [ pcmk-1 pcmk-2 ]
ClusterIP (ocf::heartbeat:IPaddr2): Started pcmk-2
WebSite (ocf::heartbeat:apache): Started pcmk-2
Master/Slave Set: WebDataClone [WebData]
Masters: [ pcmk-2 ]
Slaves: [ pcmk-1 ]
WebFS (ocf::heartbeat:Filesystem): Started pcmk-2
----
Notice that our resource stickiness settings prevent the services from
migrating back to pcmk-1.
diff --git a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Clusters_from_Scratch.ent b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Clusters_from_Scratch.ent
index 5ddd8fb610..ecc8c1303a 100644
--- a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Clusters_from_Scratch.ent
+++ b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Clusters_from_Scratch.ent
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
<!ENTITY PRODUCT "Pacemaker">
<!ENTITY BOOKID "Clusters_from_Scratch">
<!ENTITY YEAR "2012">
<!ENTITY HOLDER "Andrew Beekhof">
<!ENTITY DISTRO "Fedora">
-<!ENTITY DISTRO_VERSION "13">
+<!ENTITY DISTRO_VERSION "17">
diff --git a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Revision_History.xml b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Revision_History.xml
index 0fbc0fb833..4ee03dd096 100644
--- a/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Revision_History.xml
+++ b/doc/Clusters_from_Scratch/en-US/Revision_History.xml
@@ -1,43 +1,49 @@
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8' ?>
<!DOCTYPE appendix PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % BOOK_ENTITIES SYSTEM "Clusters_from_Scratch.ent">
%BOOK_ENTITIES;
]>
<appendix id="appe-Clusters_from_Scratch-Revision_History">
<title>Revision History</title>
<simpara>
<revhistory>
<revision>
<revnumber>1</revnumber>
<date>Mon May 17 2010</date>
<author><firstname>Andrew</firstname><surname>Beekhof</surname><email>andrew@beekhof.net</email></author>
<revdescription><simplelist><member>Import from Pages.app</member></simplelist></revdescription>
</revision>
<revision>
<revnumber>2</revnumber>
<date>Wed Sep 22 2010</date>
<author><firstname>Raoul</firstname><surname>Scarazzini</surname><email>rasca@miamammausalinux.org</email></author>
<revdescription><simplelist><member>Italian translation</member></simplelist></revdescription>
</revision>
<revision>
<revnumber>3</revnumber>
<date>Wed Feb 9 2011</date>
<author><firstname>Andrew</firstname><surname>Beekhof</surname><email>andrew@beekhof.net</email></author>
<revdescription><simplelist><member>Updated for Fedora 13</member></simplelist></revdescription>
</revision>
<revision>
<revnumber>4</revnumber>
<date>Wed Oct 5 2011</date>
<author><firstname>Andrew</firstname><surname>Beekhof</surname><email>andrew@beekhof.net</email></author>
<revdescription><simplelist><member>Update the GFS2 section to use CMAN</member></simplelist></revdescription>
</revision>
<revision>
<revnumber>5</revnumber>
<date>Fri Feb 10 2012</date>
<author><firstname>Andrew</firstname><surname>Beekhof</surname><email>andrew@beekhof.net</email></author>
<revdescription><simplelist><member>Generate docbook content from asciidoc sources</member></simplelist></revdescription>
</revision>
+ <revision>
+ <revnumber>6</revnumber>
+ <date>Tues July 3 2012</date>
+ <author><firstname>Andrew</firstname><surname>Beekhof</surname><email>andrew@beekhof.net</email></author>
+ <revdescription><simplelist><member>Updated for Fedora 17</member></simplelist></revdescription>
+ </revision>
</revhistory>
</simpara>
</appendix>
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