Log: various: improve client flag handling

This merges the options, flags, and kind members of pcmk__client_t into a
single flags member, renames things per current guidelines, and uses wrappers
of the new flag functions to improve trace logs from something like:

Bit 0x1000000000000 set by some_function:100

to:

Client flags 0x1000000000000 (cib_is_daemon) for some_client set by some_function:100